Group Index ng of the Fundamental LP01 Mode. Equivalent Index neq and Phase Velocity vϕ of the Fundamental LP01 Mode. Amplitude Distribution of the Fundamental LP01 Mode. Discrete Modal Guidance in a Step-Index Fiber. Temperature Dependence of Propagation in a PM Fiber. Beat Length and h Parameter of a PM Fiber. Gaussian Profile of the Fundamental Mode. Appendix B: Fundamentals of Fiber Optics for the Fiber Gyroscope - Main Characteristics of a Single-Mode Optical Fiber. Change of Polarization with Birefringence. The Case of Propagation in a Dispersive Medium. Mathematical Derivation of Temporal Coherence. Fresnel Diffraction and Fraunhofer Diffraction. Multilayer Dielectric Mirror and Bragg Reflector. Channeled Spectral Response of a Two-Wave Interferometer. Most Common Two-Wave Interferometers: Michelson and Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, Young Double-Slit. Refraction, Partial Reflection, and Total Internal Reflection. Chromatic Dispersion, Group Velocity, and Group Velocity.
State of Polarization of an Optical Wave. Resonant Stimulated Emission in a Laser Source. Spontaneous Emission and Excess Relative Intensity Noise (Excess RIN). Spontaneous Emission, Stimulated Emission, and Related Noises. Appendix A: Fundamentals of Optics for the Fiber Gyroscope - Basic Parameters of an Optical Wave: Wavelength, Frequency, and Power. Trends for the Future and Concluding Remarks. The Present State of the Art, Two Decades Later. Conclusions - The State of Development and Expectations in 1993. Excitation and Detection of Resonances in a Ring Resonator. Basic Reciprocity Within the Ring Resonator. Resonant Fiber-Optic Gyroscope (R-FOG) - Principle of Operation of an All-Fiber Ring Cavity. Extended Dynamic Range with Multiple Wavelength Source. Heterodyne and Pseudo-Heterodyne Schemes. Open-Loop Scheme with Use of Multiple Harmonics. Alternative Approaches for the I-FOG - Alternative Optical Configurations.
Recapitulation of the Optimal Operating Conditions and Technologies of the I-FOG - Optimal Operating Conditions. Mean Wavelength Change with a Parasitic Interferometer or Polarimeter. Wavelength Dependence of an Interferometer Response with a Broadband Source. Potential Spurious Lock-In (or Deadband) Effect. Control of the Gain of the Modulation Chain with Four-State Modulation. All-Digital Closed-Loop Processing Method. Use of an Analog Phase Ramp (or Serrodyne Modulation). Closed-Loop Operation Methods to Linearize the Scale Factor. Scale Factor Linearity and Accuracy - Problem of Scale Factor Linearity and Accuracy. Truly Nonreciprocal Effects - Magneto-Optic Faraday Effect. Basics of Heat Diffusion and Temporal Signature of the Shupe and T-Dot Effects. Time Transience-Related Nonreciprocal Effects - Effect of Temperature Transience: The Shupe Effect. Based on Path-Matched White-Light Interferometry. Testing with Optical Coherence Domain Polarimetry (OCDP). Comment About Length of Depolarization Ld Versus Length of Polarization Correlation Lpc. Analysis of Polarization Nonreciprocities in a Fiber Gyroscope Using an All-Polarization-Maintaining Waveguide Configuration. Analysis of Polarization Nonreciprocities with Broadband Source and High-Birefringence Polarization - Maintaining Fiber - Depolarization Effect in High-Birefringence Polarization-Maintaining Fibers. Evaluation of the Residual Rayleigh Backscattering Noise. Reduction of Backreflection with Slant Interfaces. Backreflection and Backscattering - Problem of Backreflection. Use of Polarization-Maintaining (PM) Fiber. Rejection Requirement with Ordinary Single-Mode Fiber. Hybrid Architectures with Integrated Optics: Y-Coupler. Evanescent-Field Coupler (or X-Coupler or Four-Port Coupler). Reciprocal Biasing Modulation-Demodulation. Minimum Configuration of a Ring Fiber Interferometer. Single-Mode Reciprocity of Wave Propagation. Reciprocity of a Fiber Ring Interferometer - Principle of Reciprocity. Evaluation of Noise and Drift by Allan Variance (or Allan Deviation). Principle of the Interferometric Fiber-Optic Gyroscope (I-FOG). A History of Optics from Aether to Relativity. Introduction Principle of the Fiber-Optic Gyroscope - Sagnac Effect.